Article Dans Une Revue Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A Année : 2025

Molecular gas stratification and disturbed kinematics in the Seyfert galaxy MCG-05-23-16 revealed by JWST and ALMA

1 IAC - Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
2 Departamento de Astrofísica [La laguna]
3 IFF - Instituto de Física Fundamental [Madrid]
4 CAB - Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid]
5 Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Madrid
6 MPE - Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics
7 LERMA - Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres
8 Collège de France - Chaire Galaxies et cosmologie
9 UTSA Department of Physics and Astronomy [San Antonio]
10 School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics
11 UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]
12 IPARCOS - Institute of Particle and Cosmos Physics [Madrid]
13 Department of Physics [Oxford]
14 Institute of Astrophysics, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, Voutes, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
15 European University of Cyprus
16 IRyA - Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica [Mexico]
17 University of Alaska [Anchorage]
18 UAF - University of Alaska [Fairbanks]
19 ESAC - European Space Astronomy Centre
20 STSci - Space Telescope Science Institute
21 Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos [Santiago]
22 KIAA-PKU - Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Beijing]
23 School of Physics and Astronomy [Southampton]
24 Astronomical Observatory, Volgina
25 Sterrenkundig Observatorium
26 Graduate University for Advanced Studies
27 KIPAC - Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
28 Department of Physics and Astronomy [Columbia]
29 LESIA - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics
30 Department of Physics [Durham University]

Résumé

Understanding the processes that drive the morphology and kinematics of molecular gas in galaxies is crucial for comprehending star formation and, ultimately, galaxy evolution. Using data from the Galactic Activity, Torus and Outflow Survey (GATOS) obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and the archival data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), we study the behavior of the warm molecular gas at temperatures of hundreds of Kelvin and the cold molecular gas at tens of Kelvin in the galaxy MCG−05−23−16, which hosts an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images of this spheroidal galaxy, classified in the optical as S0, show a dust lane resembling a nuclear spiral and a surrounding ring. These features are also detected in CO(2−1) and H 2 , and their morphologies and kinematics are consistent with rotation plus local inward gas motions along the kinematic minor axis in the presence of a nuclear bar. The H 2 transitions 0-0 S(3), 0-0 S(4), and 0-0 S(5), which trace warmer and more excited gas, show more disrupted kinematics than 0-0 S(1) and 0-0 S(2), including clumps of high velocity dispersion (of up to ∼160 km s −1 ), in regions devoid of CO(2−1). The kinematics of one of these clumps, located ∼350 pc westward of the nucleus, are consistent with outflowing gas, possibly driven by localized star formation traced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission at 11.3 μm. Overall, we observe a stratification of the molecular gas, with the colder gas located in the nuclear spiral, ring, and connecting arms, and most of the warmer gas with a higher velocity dispersion filling the inter-arm space. The compact jet, approximately 200 pc in size, detected with Very Large Array (VLA) observations, does not appear to significantly affect the distribution and kinematics of the molecular gas, possibly due to its limited intersection with the molecular gas disk.

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hal-05420713 , version 1 (17-12-2025)

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D. Esparza-Arredondo, C. Ramos Almeida, A. Audibert, M. Pereira-Santaella, I. García-Bernete, et al.. Molecular gas stratification and disturbed kinematics in the Seyfert galaxy MCG-05-23-16 revealed by JWST and ALMA. Astronomy & Astrophysics - A&A, 2025, 693, pp.A174. ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/202452488⟩. ⟨hal-05420713⟩
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